Geophysics professor explains what appears to be going on with Earth's magnetic field right now.
Earth’s magnetic field is behaving strangely. In recent months, scientists discovered the magnetic north pole was moving far faster than expected—speeding away from the Canadian arctic and towards Siberia. The change in location was so significant that experts had to issue an unscheduled update to the World Magnetic Model —the large scale representation of the magnetic field, which is used extensively in navigation systems across the world.
In an email interview with Newsweek , Phil Livermore, Associate Professor of geophysics at the University of Leeds, U.K, spoke about what is going on with the magnetic field. Why does it move?Earth’s magnetic field is generated within the Earth’s liquid interior by swirling motions of molten iron. Just like our changeable weather and climate driven by motion within our atmosphere, the magnetic field is constantly on the move. The dynamics of the core are very challenging to understand, principally because the core is separated from us on the Earth’s surface by the mantle, about 3,000 kilometers of solid rock.
What does this change have to do with geomagnetic jerks?Geomagnetic jerks are a sudden alteration in the behaviour of the magnetic field as measured on Earth’s surface, specifically in its rate of change with time, and are often geographically localised. Jerks occur frequently, for example there have been recent jerks in 2007, 2011 and 2014.
Magnetic flips occur about three times per million years, which coupled with the current weakening trend of the global magnetic field by about 5 percent per century, has led to speculation that planet Earth may be headed for a reversal.
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