Men and women will put their boots on Mars. The question is when.
It’s the next great frontier for human space exploration: Governments, entrepreneurs and space agencies are racing to put boots on Mars.
The ExoMars rover—recently named Rosalind Franklin, after the British chemist who helped uncover the structure of DNA—is set to land on the bed of what was once a Martian ocean and is now an arid patch of clay. The robot will probe what lies beneath with a drill that can bore some 6 feet below the surface. In the first exploration of its kind, scientists hope “Rosie” will dig out evidence of ancient life—fossilized molecules that could be lurking deep below.
Studying a dried-up ocean could help researchers figure out how to access water on Mars, he added. “Eighty percent of the cost of exploration is transportation. If we can reduce the amount of stuff we take with us in exploration, can we live off the land?” ESA Director General Jan Wörner maintains Schiaparelli was a learning experience, not a simple failure. Everything worked, he said, right up until it didn't—when the computer misread the lander’s altitude and shut off its engine. "But the good thing is we got all the data," Wörner said.
Astronauts traveling through space for such a long time would face a raft of problems space agencies still need to solve, he said. Explorers may develop sudden health problems they can’t treat on their craft. Or they may encounter technical problems they can’t patch up on board.
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