Over 300 children and llamas may have been killed in 1450 AD as a reaction to an El Niño event.
Prieto et al. 2019 / PLOS / CC BY 4.0
The children were wrapped in plain cotton shrouds following their deaths, the archaeologists discovered, and many were buried in groups of three. Some children had their faces painted with red cinnabar, while others wore fabric headdresses. The llamas were placed on top of or next to the children. And trails of footprints of adults, children, and llamas dotted the site, pressed into a thick layer of fresh mud and preserved for nearly 600 years.
Little previous evidence has been found of human sacrifice in this region of Peru. However, old historical records by Spanish chroniclers may provide clues to its purpose. Friar Antonio de la Calancha, for example, claimed that child sacrifices were made by the Chimú during lunar eclipses and were sometimes made to sacred places or.
Gagnon, who works in the same lab in Peru as these researchers, witnessed their analysis in 2017. She recalls that she was"sharing a space with textile researchers, and they were processing loin cloths" that several of the male children were dressed in."Some of them were covered in what were clearly blood and bodily fluids, with spatter patterns and pooling apparent."
Verano has many more years of experience in forensic anthropology, in which he has dealt with the bodies of people who were the victims of genocide. Because of that and because this site dates to several centuries ago rather than very recently, Verano told me that that it was second nature for him as a scientist to"drop in and start asking questions, and not think too much about it." Even so, the scale of the sacrifice was a hard thing for him to get his head around.
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