NASA releases results of a twin study, which found that space travel has profound effects on the human body. The findings could shape NASA’s 2020 mission to Mars.
without the Earth’s atmosphere there to act as a filter. Dr. Christopher Mason, study investigator and associate professor of physiology and biophysics at Weill Cornell School of Medicine, told ABC News that radiation levels "are about eight times higher" on Mars than they are on Earth.
Former Astronaut Mark Kelly and his brother, Astronaut Scott Kelly, speak to news media outlets about Scott Kelly's one-year mission aboard the International Space Station, Jan. 19, 2015. Since the Kelly brothers are genetically identical, researchers were able to control for genetic differences in their study, so that “the only changes that [we] would see would be because of environmental changes,” senior author Brinda Rana, PhD, professor of psychiatry at the UC San Diego School of Medicine told ABC News.
By the end of the mission, Scott Kelly had clear signs of DNA damage, dehydration, and cognitive decline, the researchers found. Many of his telomeres — stretches of DNA that protect our genetic data and have been associated with a person’s lifespan — were also shorter.
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