The incredible history of insulin, a life-saving drug that was discovered almost a century ago
This article was initially published in 2016 and has been updated.Insulin is an integral part of the human body. It's a hormone that's produced in the pancreas to help regulate our blood sugar levels. For those living with Type 1 diabetes, the pancreas doesn't make any insulin, which can cause blood sugar levels to rise too high.
Frederick Banting, a Toronto-based surgeon, along with medical student Charles Best, started by testing out what happens when you remove a dog's pancreas. When they did, the dog developed diabetes. Next, they found that if you inject insulin back into the dog, it went back to normal.Banting and Best then began injecting insulin from animal pancreases into people to treat their diabetes. In 1922, a person with diabetes was given the first insulin injection.
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